What is tuberculosis? Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can cause infection in your lungs or other tissues. It commonly affects your lungs, but it can also affect other organs like your spine, brain or kidneys. The word “tuberculosis” comes from a Latin word for “nodule” or something that sticks out. Tuberculosis is also known … Read more
Pre-hospital care: Health Centres and Ambulances ❑ Apply IPC interventions at all times (e.g. putting a medical/surgical mask on the patient immediately at the first contact) ❑ Provide available emergency care; call for help (Toll free-line: 7040) ❑ Refer to local Emergency Medical Service (EMS) protocols (COVID-protocol, central dispatch) ❑ Arrange for safe transfer to … Read more
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE Decreased force of contraction Positive Inotropic Drugs. Low Cardiac Output Renal blood flow Decreased Carotid Sinus firing Decreased Activate Renin-Angiotensin Activate sympathetic system Aldosterone system Increase sympathetic discharge. ACEIs ARB Aldosterone AT-II Salt & Water Vasoconstriction Increased Heart rate Retention. Volume expansion Venous Arterial Vasoconstriction Vasoconstriction Increased Preload Increased … Read more
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system. The urinary system includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract — the bladder and the urethra. Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than are men. If an infection is limited to the … Read more
What is high blood pressure? Blood pressure is recorded with 2 numbers. The systolic pressure (higher number) is the force at which your heart pumps blood around your body. The diastolic pressure (lower number) is the resistance to the blood flow in the blood vessels. They’re both measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg). As a general … Read more
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which the body does not produce enough or respond normally to insulin, causing blood sugar (glucose) levels to be abnormally high. The main cause of diabetes varies by type. But no matter what type of diabetes you have, it can lead to excess sugar in the blood. Too much … Read more
